Magic Squares, Spheres and Tori

Magic Squares offer partial glimpses of the convex or concave number systems that they represent. Analysed using modular arithmetic, Magic Tori open new perspectives.

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Showing posts with label 880. Show all posts

Thursday, 15 June 2023

440 Torus-Opposite Pairs of the 880 Frénicle Magic Squares of Order-4

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Finding the torus-opposite pairs of magic squares in even-orders: The following diagram, which illustrates the array of n² essentiall...

Saturday, 14 September 2019

List of the 880 Frénicle Magic Squares of Order-4

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Bernard Frénicle de Bessy was the first to determine that there were 880 essentially different magic squares of order-4, and his findings...

Tuesday, 26 March 2013

Sub-Magic 2x2 Squares on Fourth-Order Magic Tori

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My recent studies have shown that 2x2 sub-magic squares are fundamental in the way the fourth-order magic tori work. It has long been known...

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Friday, 9 March 2012

From the Magic Square to the Magic Torus

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This post is a translation of the article "Passage du Carré Magique au Tore Magique," first published in French on the 11th Novem...

Monday, 9 January 2012

255 Fourth-Order Magic Tori, and 1 Third-Order Magic Torus

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This post is a translation of the article "255 Tores Magiques d'Ordre 4, et 1 Tore Magique d'Ordre 3," first published in ...

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William Walkington

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