Magic Squares, Spheres and Tori

Magic Squares offer partial glimpses of the convex or concave number systems that they represent. Analysed using modular arithmetic, Magic Tori open new perspectives.

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Showing posts with label addition. Show all posts
Showing posts with label addition. Show all posts
Wednesday, 24 April 2024

Plus or Minus Groups of Magic Tori of Order 4

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As the positive integer entries of normal magic tori, and of their displayed magic squares, are always arranged in same-sum orthogonal a...
Sunday, 21 January 2018

Multiplicative Magic Tori

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Because the present-day definition of complementary and self-complementary magic squares can be over-restrictive when studying magic tori, a...
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