Magic Squares, Spheres and Tori

Magic Squares offer partial glimpses of the convex or concave number systems that they represent. Analysed using modular arithmetic, Magic Tori open new perspectives.

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Showing posts with label order-4. Show all posts
Showing posts with label order-4. Show all posts
Tuesday, 7 June 2022

Polyomino Area Magic Tori

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A magic torus can be found with any magic square , as has already been demonstrated in the article "From the Magic Square to the Magic...
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Saturday, 14 September 2019

List of the 880 Frénicle Magic Squares of Order-4

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Bernard Frénicle de Bessy was the first to determine that there were 880 essentially different magic squares of order-4, and his findings...
Monday, 2 September 2019

Even and Odd Number Patterns on Magic Tori of Orders 3 and 4

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Ancient references to the pattern of even and odd numbers of the 3 × 3 magic square appear in the "I Ching" or "Yih King...
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